The mankind history is a history of hunger. Acts of nature, wars, it is simple not bumper-crop year - all it led to hunger. And, at last, in the end of the twentieth century the majority of the population has got access to rather high-grade food. Abundance of the foodstuffs promoted that people began to die less often of hunger, but much more often from adiposity. And for the first time in 2000 the World organisation of public health services (CART) officially recognised, that the number of full people increases huge rates and used the term "epidemic" for the characteristic of the situation which have developed in the world.
In XIII century Abu-al-Faradzh noticed, that "the plentiful meal harms to a body the same as abundance of water harms to crops". The matter is that in itself superfluous kgs, and those diseases in which they result are terrible not: to a diabetes 2 types, an arterial hypertensia, coronary illness of heart, oncological diseases,  to expansion of veins of the bottom finitenesses etc. Life expectancy sick of adiposity on 8 - 10 years are shorter, than at people with normal weight of a body.
Adiposity is the disease which basic sign is superfluous accumulation of a fatty fabric in an organism.

The excess weight reasons

The majority of full people considers as the reason of adiposity "metabolism infringement". Thus they absolutely sincerely believe, that practically eat nothing or their thin contemporaries consume much less food, than. However, according to the law of conservation of energy, adiposity develops only when receipt of energy with food exceeds power expenses of an organism. Surplus of calories is used for synthesis of fat which is postponed in gradually increasing fatty depots, leading to steady growth of weight of a body.
In adiposity occurrence hereditary predisposition matters. For a long time it is noticed, that at corpulent parents full children often grow. Thus, if adiposity the father the risk of development of this disease at children makes about 50 % if mother - 60 % and if both parents - 80 % suffers. However, so high probability of occurrence of adiposity at children speaks not only a heredity, but also features of a food and impellent activity in a family. It is known, that at full parents reception children get fat also.
In rare instances, at 3 - 5 persons from 100, the adiposity reason can be diseases or reception of some medical products.

Ways of lose weight

At first sight, to cure adiposity it is simple - it is necessary to eat less and to move more. However in practice all is much more difficult. The abundance and availability of products, a wide network of inexpensive restaurants of a fast food, persuasive advertising various chocolate , chips, the sweet aerated drinks, etc. make huge impact on the modern person. And "small weaknesses" which we allow ourselves in our intense life, can lead to weight increase. For example, daily eating "superfluous" drying, the increase in weight will make 1,1 kg a year; drinking every day in addition 125 ml of orange juice, for a year the weight of a body will increase by 2,5 kg. Power expenditure of an organism also influence body weight. We do not need to plough, sow and hunt on mammoths so, there is no necessity to move. On the other hand, in a modern society between concepts "thin" and "successful" the equal-sign that forces even people with normal weight of a body is put to resort to various ways of achievement offered by mass media and glossy magazines of the standard of beauty.

For the decision of this problem the whole industry is created. Usually people ask not simply a question "how to grow thin", and "how quickly to grow thin"? The Most advertised methods are various popular diets which in the world is more than 28 thousand. About 2/3 population of Russia of times in a year begin a new diet. Thus it is a question not of medical actions, and about the "fashionable" diets promising for month an ideal figure or disposal of all diseases. Such popular diets, are calculated on a short time interval and their big minus that these diets are constructed on sharp restriction of certain kinds of products on some period of time. Therefore only the person with strong will manages to overcome, having sustained all diet up to the end and, the main thing, after its termination not to break. Basically, transferable torments practically always come to an end without results.
Besides, during diets the organism is reconstructed on a mode of rigid economy, slowing down metabolism process on 10-30 %, and calories start to be burnt more slowly. Having stayed on a diet the put time and having thrown off some kgs, the person comes back to former habits of a food. But the organism has not time to be reconstructed on a new mode and all as slowly burns calories that leads to sharp increase in weight of a body. For this reason, following the results of researches of national institute of public health services of the USA of the people sitting on diets of 98 %, after their termination type weight above the initial. Experience shows, that the people who are not doing attempts to go on an a diet, never type such quantity of excessive weight as it occurs at those who periodically plays about new diets.

Diagnostics and adiposity types

For diagnostics of adiposity and definition of its degree use an index of weight of a body (IMT) which also shows, whether exists at your weight risk of development of accompanying diseases (Tab. 1). For children, people is more senior 65 years, pregnant women, sportsmen and persons with very developed muscles IMT it is not used.
For calculation IMT it is necessary to measure the growth (in metres, for example - 1,68) and weight (in kgs - 85 kg) and to substitute the received values in the formula: IMT = m kg/? = (30,1 and in our case).
Tab. 1. Adiposity classification on IMT (the CART, 1997)
Types of weight bodies IMT (kg/m2) Risk of accompanying diseases
Deficiency of weight of a body <18,5 Low (the risk of other diseases is raised)
Normal weight of a body 18,5 - 24,9 Usual
Superfluous weight bodies (preadiposity) 25,0 - 29,9 Raised
Adiposity of I degree 30,0 - 34,9 Are high
Adiposity of II degree 35,0 - 39,9 very high
Adiposity of III degree> 40 extremely high

IMT within 18,5 - 24,9 corresponds to normal weight of a body. At such indicators IMT the least risk for health is observed.
IMT within 25,0 - 29,9 - specifies in superfluous weight of a body or preadiposity.
IMT more than 30 testifies to adiposity and direct threat to health. It is necessary will address to the doctor for inspection and development of the individual program of treatment.
At people the fatty fabric is postponed to a miscellaneous, therefore allocate three types of adiposity.
At abdominalnom (from an armour. Abdomen - a stomach) or androidnom (from grech. Andros - the man) or top the adiposity type, a fatty fabric is distributed, mainly, in the field of a stomach and the top part of a trunk. The figure becomes similar to an apple. Adiposity of type of "apple" meets at men is more often. At this type such diseases as a diabetes, an arterial hypertension, heart attacks and strokes is more often develop.
Primary development of a fatty fabric in the field of buttocks and hips is characteristic for  or the bottom type of adiposity. The figure under the form reminds a pear and is more often meets at women and, as a rule, is accompanied by development of diseases of a backbone, joints and veins of the bottom finitenesses.
At uniform fat distribution on all body speak about mixed or intermediate adiposity type.
For definition of type of adiposity, it is necessary to measure circles of a waist and hips in sm and to calculate their parity: FROM/ABOUT. At abdominalnom adiposity the specified parity at men exceeds 1,0; at women - 0,85.
More simple indicator abdominalnogo adiposity is the waist circle. If the waist at men exceeds 94 sm, and at women - 80 sm are abdominalnoe adiposity and a serious occasion to alarm and the reference behind medical aid.
So, adiposity can cause heavy diseases. And here decrease in weight of a body - a gift for an organism as lose weight is always accompanied:

    * - improvement of work of cardiovascular system;
    * - decrease in arterial pressure;
    * - reduction of a short wind and hypostases;
    * - improvement of a carbohydrate and fatty exchange;
    * - reduction of pains in a backbone and joints;
    * - improvement of the general state of health.

Thus, adiposity it not cosmetic defect, and chronic  the disease demanding long, practically lifelong treatment. The self-treatment caused by desire to grow thin quickly, often leads to sad results. Therefore, sick of adiposity require medical aid since only correct therapy under supervision of the doctor will help to lower weight and to prevent development of terrible complications.